A survey on iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Wuhan from 2016 to 2020 / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To understand the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Wuhan, and to provide a basis for guiding pregnant women to supplement iodine scientifically and adjust the prevention and control strategy of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods:From May 2016 to September 2020, each district of 13 administrative districts in Wuhan was divided into 5 areas according to east, west, south, north and middle. One township (street) was selected from each area, and 20 pregnant women were selected from each township (street). Edible salt and urine samples were collected to detect the contents of salt iodine and urinary iodine. Salt iodine was determined by direct titration, Sichuan salt and other fortified edible salt by arbitration method; urinary iodine was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry. Salt iodine and urinary iodine were analyzed according to different years, regions (central and far urban areas), age [low age (< 25 years old), appropriate age (25 - 34 years old), old age (≥35 years old)], and pregnancy [early pregnancy (< 13 weeks), middle pregnancy (13 - 27 weeks), and late pregnancy (28 - 40 weeks)].Results:A total of 5 200 edible salt samples from pregnant women's homes were collected, and the median salt iodine was 24.41 mg/kg. Among them, there were 32 non-iodized salts, 4 962 qualified iodized salts, and 206 unqualified iodized salts. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.38% (5 168/5 200), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.42% (4 962/5 200). A total of 5 200 pregnant women's urine samples were tested, and the median urinary iodine was 161.24 μg/L. Urinary iodine < 150 μg/L was found in central urban area, early pregnancy, middle pregnancy, low age and old age pregnant women in 2016 (141.74, 149.00, 132.34, 135.17, 121.00 μg/L); in early pregnancy, middle pregnancy and old age pregnant women in 2017 (128.00, 149.00, 141.41 μg/L); and in middle pregnancy and old age pregnant women in 2020 (148.95, 138.00 μg/L), which was at iodine deficiency level.Conclusions:Pregnant women in Wuhan are generally at iodine appropriate level, but close to the lower limit of the appropriate value, some pregnant women are at risk of iodine deficiency. It is still necessary to pay close attention to iodine nutrition status of pregnant women, and advocate pregnant women to eat qualified iodized salt actively.