An adjustable anti-snoring device improves brain oxygen supply and chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome / 中国基层医药

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of an adjustable anti-snoring device in improving brain oxygen supply and chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Methods:Thirty-four patients with OSAS who received treatment in Huidong People's Hospital from January to September 2018 were included in the OSAS group. An additional 34 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers who concurrently received physical examination were included in the control group. Apnea-hypopnea index score for each patient was determined by polysomnography. Cerebral blood flow velocity was measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Forearm blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. Heart rate was obtained by electrocardiography. Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO 2) was obtained using pulse oximetry. Blood pressure was obtained by an automatic sphygmomanometer. Peripheral and cerebral hemodynamics of patients with OSAS were measured. Nighttime sleep quality of patients was assessed using polysomnography. Lateral projection of the skull was photographed using an X-ray machine for correcting measurement results. Results:There were no significant differences in sex and age between OSAS and control groups (both P > 0.05). Body mass index, Apnea-hypopnea index score and the percentage of time spent at SaO 2 below 90% in the OSAS group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). The lowest SaO 2 value in the OSAS group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). Heart rate and forearm blood flow in the OSAS group were (76.27 ± 9.34) beats/min and (7.24 ± 3.13) mL·100 mL -1·min -1, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(65.42 ± 6.38) beats/min, (4.11 ± 1.25) mL·100 mL -1·min -1]. After treatment with an adjustable anti-snoring device, heart rate and forearm blood flow in the OSAS group were (66.17 ± 4.53) beats/min and (4.54 ± 3.26) mL·100 mL -1·min -1, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group ( F = 2.66, 0.85, both P < 0.05). Peripheral oxygen saturation, tissue oxygen saturation, and total hemoglobin in the OSAS group were significantly lower than those in the control group. These indexes in the anti-snoring device treatment group were significantly higher than those in the OSAS group ( F = 12.33, 13.57, 14.22, all P < 0.05). The number of snorings and number of wake-ups from sleep in the anti-snoring device treatment group were significantly lower compared with those in the OSAS group ( χ2 = 13.14, 12.36, both P < 0.05).Palatopharyngeal diameter, glossopharyngeal diameter and laryngopharyngeal diameter in the anti-snoring device treatment group were significantly higher than those in the OSAS group, and they were almost close to the levels of healthy people ( t = 11.46, 15.13, 12.58, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Adjustable anti-snoring device can improve brain oxygen supply and chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency in patients with OSAS, in particular with mild and moderate OSAS.