Analysis of body composition and evaluation of vitamin D level in school-age wasting children / 中国综合临床

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of body composition, dietary intake and vitamin D status of school-age wasting children, and to provide evidence for individual dietary intervention and nutrient supplement.Methods:From September to December 2019, we chose wasting children aged 6-10 years old in the nutrition clinic of Beijing Children's Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, and a retrospective case-control study was adopted. To detect body composition and vitamin D level, and conduct dietary survey and assessment. The measurement data of normal distribution were compared by independent sample t-test. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Rank sum test was used to compare rank data.Results:A total of 60 subjects were studied, including 30 boys and 30 girls. The percentage of inorganic salt in boys (6.81±0.37)% is higher than that in girls (6.37±0.59)%, the difference was statistically significant ( t=7.75, P=0.009). Compared with the target values of normal children of the same age and gender, the contents of fat in boys ((2.39±1.25) kg and (4.20±0.95) kg, t=43.05, P<0.001), in girls ((2.66±1.20) kg and (4.91±1.41) kg, t=59.87, P<0.001); muscle in boys ((17.35±3.23) kg and (21.57±4.94) kg, t=16.89, P<0.001), in girls ((17.69±3.03) kg and (21.79±4.36) kg, t=20.97, P<0.001); total water in boys ((13.54±2.52) kg and (16.80±3.86) kg, t=16.51, P<0.001), in girls ((13.82±2.36) kg and (16.96±3.40) kg, t=20.20, P<0.001); protein in boys ((3.58±0.67) kg and (4.51±1.04) kg, t=18.68, P<0.001), in girls ((3.65±0.63) kg and (4.55±0.92) kg, t=24.55, P<0.001); inorganic salt in boys ((1.42±0.25) kg and (1.56±0.36) kg, t=4.28, P=0.036), in girls ((1.37±0.27) kg and (1.56±0.30) kg, t=8.24, P=0.006) were all significantly reduced. The total energy intake of all the children were lower than the recommended intake for children of the same age and gender. Among them, 70.00%(42/60) of children had insufficient energy intake for breakfast, 50.00% (30/60) for lunch and 40.00%(24/60) for dinner. In terms of energy intake of three macronutrients, 53.33%(32/60) of children were deficient in carbohydrate, 50.00%(30/60) in protein and 58.33%(35/60) in fat. The mean content of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was (46.95±14.53) nmol/L in male and (46.41±14.51) nmol/L in female, all of them had Vitamin Dinsufficiency. Conclusion:Wasting children should be tested for body composition and vitamin D levels, to get individualized dietary instruction and nutrient supplementation, and improve nutritional status.