Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in hospitalized patients with lung malignant tumor / 中华临床营养杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia (SAR) in hospitalized patients with lung malignant tumor and to identify the risk factors, so as to inform the nutritional management of lung malignant tumor patients.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Adult patients admitted into the lung cancer ward of a Class A tertiary hospital in Beijing from December 2021 to March 2022 were screened for enrollment. Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 was applied for eligible patients within 24 hours of admission. Medical history was obtained via questionnaire survey, laboratory test results prior to any intervention were extracted from Hospital Information System and muscle mass was measured using bio-impedance analysis. SAR was diagnosed according to the recommendation from Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019.Results:Among the enrolled 126 hospitalized patients with lung cancer, the prevalence of SAR was 19.8% (25/126). The prevalence was 19.6% in males and 21.4% in females, with no significant difference. Patients aged 65 years or above showed significantly higher SAR prevalence of 27.4% than those who were young or middle-aged (9.4%, P = 0.013). Older age (OR = 4.43, P = 0.048), lower BMI (OR = 0.644, P = 0.001), lower serum creatinine (OR = 0.931, P = 0.008), comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, OR = 13.748, P = 0.007) and comorbidity of coronary artery disease (OR = 13.748, P = 0.007) were risk factors for SAR in lung cancer patients. SAR risk was significantly increased in patients ≥ 65 years old and in those with COPD or coronary artery disease. Conclusions:Lung cancer patients showed high prevalence of SAR. For hospitalized patients with lung cancer, especially the elderly, a moderate BMI level and good management of comorbidities including COPD and coronary artery disease may help delay SAR development.