Research progress of stem cell derived exosomes promote wound healing / 中华骨科杂志

ABSTRACT

At present, several measures are often used to deal with the wound, such as reducing the partial pressure, containing the wound infection, thorough debridement dressing, strengthening the local blood circulation, negative pressure closed aspiration and wet dressing methods, most of them can achieve good prognosis, but there are still some patients with non-healing wound, avascular necrosis of tissue and even gangrene, severe cases need amputation. In recent years, with the rapid development of stem cell research, the paracrine function of stem cell has received widespread attention in the treatment of chronic wounds, and stem cell-derived exosomes have become a new strategy for the treatment of non-healing wounds. Exosomes are double membrane sacs of lipid secreted by cells, with a diameter of 30-100 nm, which are paracrine products of stem cells. Studies have shown that stem cell exosomes participate in wound repair by means of many measures, including regulating inflammatory response, regulating the growth and expansion of extracellular matrix, promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting scar formation. However, exosomes from different stem cells have different regulatory mechanisms on wound healing. This paper reviews the role and related mechanism of exosomes derived from stem cells in wound treatment, and provides a theoretical basis for the application of exosomes in clinical treatment of non-healing wounds.