Clinical characteristics of orobuccal involuntary movements induced by anticholinergic agents in patients with Parkinson′s disease and literature review / 中华神经科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of orobuccal involuntary movements (OB) induced by anticholinergic agents.Methods:The clinical characteristics of patients with OB induced by anticholinergic agents in Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) from April 2018 to October 2021 and cases reported in the literature were analyzed in combination with literature review.Results:Seven patients in Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) and 10 cases in the literature were analyzed. Of these 7 patients, 6 were elderly female, with involuntary, repetitive, stereotypical movements of the lips, tongue, and sometimes of the jaw after intake of anticholinergic medication with the latency 21-60 days and the involuntary movements improved 7-30 days after discontinuation of anticholinergic medication. Of 10 cases reported in the literature, 7 were elderly female and 8 only with OB and 2 patients had extremities dyskinesia plus OB. Involuntary movements appeared after latency of 3-93 days following the introduction of anticholinergic drugs and resolved after latency of 2-60 days following their withdrawal.Conclusions:OB induced by anticholinergic agents mostly occur sub-acutely during the treatment of Parkinson′s disease, and can resolve in a short time after withdrawal, which is independent of the dose of levodopa and anticholinergic agents. The aging, female, and anxiety and depression may be the risk factors.