Risk factors analysis of true aneurysm formation of autogenous arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients / 中华肾脏病杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore the risk factors of autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) aneurysms (AVFAs) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods:The patients who used internal arteriovenous fistula (end to side anastomosis) of cephalic vein-radial artery at wrist as vascular access in Hainan Provincial People′s Hospital from June 1 to June 30, 2021 were selected as the research objects. The patients were divided into AVFAs group and non-AVFAs group according to whether AVF formed AVFAs. The clinical data and laboratory examination results between the two groups were compared. Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for the formation of AVFAs.Results:A total of 170 MHD patients were enrolled in this study, including 111 males (65.3%) and 59 females (34.7%), with age of (51.65±12.70) years old and dialysis age of (57.03±49.25) months. There were 33 cases in AVFAs group and 137 cases in non-AVFAs group. The incidence of AVFAs was 19.4%. Compared with non-AVFAs group, the proportion of males ( χ2=4.934, P=0.026) and the levels of serum uric acid ( t=2.547, P=0.012) and serum albumin ( t=2.122, P=0.010) in AVFAs group were higher; The age ( t=-2.210, P=0.028), the proportion of diabetes nephropathy ( χ2=11.788, P=0.001), systolic blood pressure ( t=-1.994, P=0.048) and total cholesterol ( t=-2.174, P=0.031) were lower; The diameter of anastomosis was wider ( Z=-3.224, P=0.001); Mantel-Haenszel chi square test analysis showed that dialysis age ( χ2=53.832, OR=0.518, P<0.001), AVF service time ( χ2=51.355, OR=0.516, P<0.001), and brachial artery blood flow ( χ2=25.315, OR=0.331, P<0.001) were correlated to the formation of AVFAs. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that males ( OR=10.005, 95% CI 1.875-53.394, P=0.007), longer dialysis age ( OR=1.341, 95% CI 1.104-1.628, P=0.003), longer AVF use time ( OR=1.187, 95% CI 1.002-1.405, P=0.047), higher brachial artery blood flow ( OR=1.002, 95% CI 1.000-1.004, P=0.028) and lower total cholesterol ( OR=0.388, 95% CI 0.172-0.875, P=0.022) were the independent risk factors for the formation of AVFAs. Conclusions:The incidence of AVFAs in MHD patients is 19.4%. Males, long dialysis age, long AVF use time, high brachial artery blood flow and low total cholesterol level are the independent risk factors for the formation of AVFAs.