Diabetes self-management education program (DSME) among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

ABSTRACT

@#<p style="text-align justify;">The DSME program is aimed to educate adolescents about diabetes mellitus disease process, survival skills, exercise management, drug management, diet management, prevent acute and chronic complications and optimize quality of life. This study utilized the quasi experimental pre and post-test design involving 15 adolescent patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. The DSME materials were composed of five modules that included topics in diabetes awareness, survival skills, exercise, drug and diet management. Knowledge, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Random Blood Sugar (RBS) and waist and hip ratio (WHR) were tested. The Intervention phase was implemented in three months where each module was completed by patients in two weeks. Pre and post-test examinations were done after each module. Participants have very satisfactory knowledge in diabetes awareness, survival skills, exercise, drug management before and after the DSME program. However, participants knowledge in diet management were unsatisfactory before and after the DSME program. FBS were high but RBS levels and WHR were in normal levels before, during and after the DSME program. Knowledge scores were significantly different before and after the implementation of all the modules (Module 1 to Module 5) to the participants. RBS results were significantly different after the implementation of the Module 1- DM awareness and Module 5- diet management. However, no significant differences were obtained in the RBS results of the participants after the implementation of Module 2, 3, 4, and 5. No significant differences were also obtained in the WHR parameters of the participants in each of the implementation of DSME. No significant differences in the FBS results were obtained after the implementation of the DSME modules. The module type DSME is effective in increasing knowledge of the adolescent patients in diabetes and its management. The content of the diet management module needs to be strengthened and be tested again for its effectiveness in increasing knowledge of adolescent patients.</p>