Blood pressure lowering effects of Sodium Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors among adult patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A meta-analysis

ABSTRACT

Introduction@#Sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of anti-diabetic agents that not only lower down blood sugar but can potentially cause weight loss and decrease in blood pressure. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the magnitude of changes in blood pressure and safety parameters with the use of SGLT2 inhibitors among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).@*Methods@#Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from electronic databases. We used the method recommend by the Cochrane Collaboration to perform a meta-analysis of RCTs of SGLT2 inhibitor for type 2 DM.@*Results@#Of 137 studies retrieved in the literature search, 28 were eligible for inclusion. A total of 23,728 patients with average age of 50-63 years old, when SGLT2 inhibitor were compared with placebo or active comparators there were statistically significant reduction in systolic (MD: -4.01, 95% CI -4.03 to -3.99) and diastolic blood pressure (MD: -1.48, 95% CI -1.49 to -1.46). There were no significant differences in the incidence of hypoglycemia (RR: 0.94, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.99, P<0.00001) between SGLT2 inhibitors and control groups. The incidence of urinary tract infections was similar between the SGLT2 inhibitors and the control groups (RR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.25, P=1.00). There was statistically greater incidence of orthostatic hypotension among patients given SGLT2 inhibitors than the control group (RR: 1.41, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.75, P=0.99).@*Conclusion@#Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitor provided statistically significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with type 2 DM compared with placebo or other anti-diabetic agents.