Prevalence of the different phenotypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescents and its association to metabolic and cardiovascular risk / Philippine Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

ABSTRACT

Background@#Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent heterogeneous disorder in females. Timely diagnosis and management are important, especially in adolescents; despite this, there is a paucity of data focusing on this group@*Objective@#The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the different phenotypes of PCOS in adolescents and identify their association with metabolic and cardiovascular risk@*Methodology@#All medical records of patients seen at the OPD of a tertiary institution from January 2015 to December 2019 that had a diagnosis of PCOS were reviewed. The data that were extracted included the patient’s age, blood pressure at the time of consult, weight, height, signs and symptoms (anovulation and hirsutism), and laboratory results (transvaginal ultrasound, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT], and lipid profile). Purposive sampling was done for this study@*Results@#The prevalence of phenotypes A is 31.9%, B at 31.9%, C around 5.8%, and D at 49.6%, respectively. Those Phenotype D adolescents had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.021), while those having phenotype B had significantly higher total cholesterol levels (P = 0.038). No significant differences were noted in the blood pressure, 75 g OGTT, low‑density lipoprotein (LDL), very LDL, high‑density lipoprotein, and triglycerides among the different PCOS phenotypes@*Conclusion@#Adolescents with PCOS have an increased risk for metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes; however, there is no significant difference when compared across all phenotypes. It was among those having phenotype D that were found to have a BMI classified as overweight, and phenotype B have elevated total cholesterol levels