DALY of diseases caused by air pollution in Ulaanbaatar city 2008-2017 / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

ABSTRACT

Background@#Air pollution has been increasing intensively during last decade in big cities of Mongolia especially in Ulaanbaatar due to urbanization, poor urban plan, migration from rural areas to urban areas, poverty, unemployment, economic crises, exercise with unclean technology mainly coal for heating and cooking, raise of number of motor vehicle and other air pollution sources; as result of this phenomena population health has been worsening. The Global burden of disease concept, first published in 1996, constituted the most comprehensive and consistent set of estimates of mortality and morbidity and WHO now regularly develops GBD estimates at regional and global level. The goal of this study is to define DALY of air pollution related diseases in Ulaanbaatar. @*Materials and Methods@#This is retrospective study which used air pollution and mortality secondary data 2008-2017. The DALY extends the concept of potential years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) to include equivalent years of ‘healthy’ life lost by virtue of being in states other than good health. DALYs for a disease or health condition are calculated as the sum of the years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL) in the population and the equivalent ‘healthy’ years lost due to disability (YLD) for incident cases of the health condition. We used WHO recommended estimation methodology and selected 2 disease category of mortality of each RSD (pneumonia, COPD) and CVD (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease).@*Results@#According to the age group, most of children 0-4 due to RSD and most of adults were died due to CVD. In general, hospitalization is increasing year by year and differing by season. Significant associations were found for all air pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, CO, SO₂, and O₃ had a statistically significant association with cold season’s mortality of RSD and CVD. The most common mortality cases were ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, pneumonia and COPD. In Ulaanbaatar in 2008-2017, 2205 people were died due to RSD and CVD. Hospital admission and mortality has an increasing trend. @*Conclusion@#Residents of Ulaanbaatar were lost in total 249854 years due to pneumonia, COPD, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease during 2008-2017. The most vulnerable group of people on air pollution was children and elders of Ulaanbaatar city.