Review article of predisposing, risk factors and epidemiology of intervertebral disc hernia / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

ABSTRACT

BackgroundDandy described first, about intervertebral disc hernia (1929). Mixter W.J and Barr J.S (1934) investigated that correlation of sciatica and lumbar disc hernia. Discectomy is most confirming surgery among all spine surgery. Asymptomatic lumbar disc hernia revealed in 70% of adult, by MRI. Spine disorder is first cause of disability of workers below 45 yrs, in European countries. International research for predisposing, risk factors of intervertebral disc hernia is widely confirmed, but diagnostic and treatment aspects are not completed.Materials and MethodsWe did computer aided search using key words “disc degeneration, risk factor, discectomy, lumbar disc hernia, spinal instrumentation” in online library MEDLINE, E pub, PUBMED, HINARI, Mongolmed, years 1970-2011, also domestic research works from Central library of HSUM, Mongolia. We included article, case-control study, systematic review, case study.ConclusionIncidence and disability caused by lumbar disc hernia, requiring surgical treatment is common problem in world. By anatomical region, lumbar disc hernia is the highest. Research work revealed that patients who took surgical treatment different by gender (malefemale=21), geographical region (US 160/100000, Switzerland 62/100000). At last 20 yrs, dramatically changed theory about predisposing factor of disc hernia. It is changed from mechanical load to genetic role. Disc degeneration disease is basis of disc hernia. Nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus losing own structure, containing moleculs, and water under degeneration. The risk factors are frequent heavy lifting, frequent twisting and bending, vibration, sedentary work, driving and overweight. The golden standard surgery of herniated disc of cervical area is anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Posterior screw fixation of lumbar vertebrae is most frequently confirming surgery among the world.