Acute respiratory tract infection and pathogen spectrum analysis in children with asthma / 公共卫生与预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria for respiratory tract infection in children with asthma to facilitate the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods Among 206 hospitalized children with asthma and respiratory tract infection from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected for analysis in this study, including 131 cases with upper respiratory tract infection and 75 cases with lower respiratory tract infection. The potential correlation between the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance was analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results A total of 167 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 131 children with upper respiratory tract infection, and 262 strains were detected in 75 children with lower respiratory tract infection. The distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in children with asthma and acute upper respiratory tract infection were consistent with the total distribution characteristics. Among children with asthma and acute lower respiratory tract infection, the infection of Gram-positive bacteria was higher than that of Gram-negative bacteria in female children younger than 5 years old, and the proportion of staphylococcus epidermidis was the highest (P<0.05), The distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in children of other ages and sexes were consistent with the total distribution characteristics. The resistance rate of Gram-positive bacteria to penicillin, erythromycin and clarithromycin was high, while the resistance rate of Gram-negative bacteria to ampicillin, cefazolin and cefuroxime was high. The distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in children with upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection were consistent. Conclusion In children with pediatric asthma and respiratory tract infection, the main pathogens are Gram-negative bacteria, and the drug resistance rate is high. However, the infection of Gram-positive bacteria (mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis) in young female children under 5 years old is higher than that of Gram-negative bacteria in other children, which deserves special attention.