Carriage prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis in the Americas in the 21st century: a systematic review
Braz. j. infect. dis
;
23(4): 254-267, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Artículo
en Inglés
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1039231
ABSTRACT
Abstract Neisseria meningitidis is a bacterium that colonizes the human nasopharynx and is transmitted by respiratory droplets from asymptomatic or symptomatic carriers. Occasionally, the pathogen invades the mucosa and enters the bloodstream, causing invasive meningococcal disease, a life-threatening infection. While meningococcal colonization is the first step in the development of invasive disease, the risk factors that predict progression from asymptomatic to symptomatic status are not well-known. The present report aimed to describe the prevalence of N. meningitidis carriers throughout the Americas, emphasizing the risk factors associated with carrier status, as well as the most prevalent serogroups in each studied population. We conducted a systematic review by searching for original studies in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, LILACS and SciELO databases, published between 2001 and 2018. Exclusion criteria were articles published in a review format, case studies, case control studies, investigations involving animal models, and techniques or publications that did not address the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers in an American country. A total of 784 articles were identified, of which 23 were selected. The results indicate that the highest prevalence rates are concentrated in Cuba (31.9%), the United States (24%), and Brazil (21.5%), with increased prevalence found among adolescents and young adults, specifically university students and males. The present systematic review was designed to support epidemiological surveillance and prevention measures to aid in the formulation of strategies designed to control the transmission of meningococci in a variety of populations and countries throughout the Americas.
Texto completo:
Disponible
Índice:
LILACS (Américas)
Asunto principal:
Meningitis Meningocócica
/
Neisseria meningitidis
Tipo de estudio:
Estudio de etiología
/
Estudio observacional
/
Estudio de prevalencia
/
Estudio pronóstico
/
Factores de riesgo
/
Revisiones Sistemáticas Evaluadas
Límite:
Femenino
/
Humanos
/
Masculino
Idioma:
Inglés
Revista:
Braz. j. infect. dis
Asunto de la revista:
Enfermedades Transmisibles
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Artículo
País de afiliación:
Brasil
Institución/País de afiliación:
Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública/BR
/
FIOCRUZ/BR
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