State of dietetics practice in Ghana

ABSTRACT

Objective: Prevalence of obesity and related diseases has increased in Ghana. Dietitians have essential skills to prevent and manage dietary diseases. However; little is known about dietetic practice in Ghana. This paper describes the history and current state of dietetics practice in Ghana. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 13 dietitians and six dietetic interns in February 2012. The questionnaire collected data on perceptions about dietetics practice; career progression; and challenges in dietetics practice in Ghana. Key informant interviews (KII) on history of dietetics in Ghana were also held with four retired dietitians; and two dietetics educators. Additional KII were conducted with the Chief dietitian; two officers of the Ghana Dietetic Association; and three other dietitians. Most KII were conducted faceto-face but a few were only possible via telephone. Some of the KII were audio-recorded; in addition to handwritten notes. Following transcription of audiorecorded interviews; all data were subjected to content analysis. Results: Dietetic practice in Ghana has evolved from low-skilled cadre (catering officers) offering hospitalbased meal services to the current era of available trained dietitians providing diet therapy in diverse settings. However; 80 of the 35 dietitians identified are working in Accra. In three regions of Ghana; there are no dietitians. There remain limited opportunities for continuous learning and professional career advancement. Additionally; there are many unqualified dietitians in practice. Conclusion: A huge unmet need for dietitians exists in all regions of Ghana; except Greater Accra. Bridging this gap is essential to increase access to dietetic care throughout Ghana