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The Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms and Syndromes in Kenyan Children and Adolescents
Khasakhala, L; Kokonya, D; Mutiso, V; Ndetei, D; Nyabola, L; Ongecha-Owuor, F; Seedat, S.
  • Khasakhala, L; s.af
  • Kokonya, D; s.af
  • Mutiso, V; s.af
  • Ndetei, D; s.af
  • Nyabola, L; s.af
  • Ongecha-Owuor, F; s.af
  • Seedat, S; s.af
Artículo en Inglés | AIM | ID: biblio-1263463
ABSTRACT

Background:

Community studies on children and adolescents in Western settings suggest prevalence rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms that require intervention.

Aim:

To establish equivalent prevalence rates in a Kenyan (developing country) situation.

Method:

Self-administered questionnaires for socio-demographic data; three Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition (DSM-IV)-based instruments for anxiety symptoms and syndromes in children; one instrument for depression and one culture sensitive instrument for depression and anxiety were administered in three different sets to 3 775 randomly sampled students drawn from a stratified sample of 34.7of all public secondary schools in Nairobi; Kenya.

Results:

The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression symptoms and syndromes varied widely depending on sex and age and also on the emphasis of the different instruments used; and also according to the cut-off points for the various syndromes and instruments. Clinical diagnostic scores for depression were recorded in 43.7of all the students. Using the cut-off points for the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC); anxiety was recorded in 12.9of all students. Nearly half (40.7) of the respondents who completed the Short Leyton Obsessional Inventory for Children and Adolescents had positive scores for obsessive disorder; 81.1were positive for compulsive disorder and an average of 69.1had positive scores for both obsessive and compulsive disorders combined. Amongst those who completed the Ndetei-Othieno-Kathuku (NOK) scale for Depression and Anxiety; 49.3had positive scores for moderate to severe anxiety with or without depression. The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders - Revised (SCARED-R) yielded high levels (50-100) for the different syndromes; with obsessive-compulsive disorder at 99.3; just below separation anxiety and school phobia at 100. Suicidal thoughts and plans were prevalent at 4.9-5.5.

Conclusion:

Anxiety and depression were found at prevalence rates no less than is found in the West. This calls for appropriate clinical practices and policies
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Índice: AIM (África) Asunto principal: Ansiedad / Signos y Síntomas / Niño / Adolescente / Depresión Tipo de estudio: Guía de Práctica Clínica / Estudio de prevalencia / Factores de riesgo Idioma: Inglés Revista: J. child adolesc. ment. health (Online) Año: 2008 Tipo del documento: Artículo

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Índice: AIM (África) Asunto principal: Ansiedad / Signos y Síntomas / Niño / Adolescente / Depresión Tipo de estudio: Guía de Práctica Clínica / Estudio de prevalencia / Factores de riesgo Idioma: Inglés Revista: J. child adolesc. ment. health (Online) Año: 2008 Tipo del documento: Artículo