Prevalência de dislipidemias e fatores de risco associados / Prevalence of dyslioidemias and associated risk factors

RESUMO

A dislipidemia caracteriza-se pela elevação dos níveis plasmáticos de colesterol de baixa densidade (LDL-c), redução dos níveis de colesterol de alta densidade (HDL-c) e/ou aumento de triglicérides (TG). Essas alterações evidenciam o risco para doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) e uma alta probabilidade de ocorrência de morte por eventos coronarianos. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de dislipidemia e fatores de risco associados em pacientes ambulatoriais do hospital universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, no qual a amostra foi constituída por 124 pacientes. Foram analisados os principais fatores de risco modificáveis sobrepeso e sedentarismo, e não modificáveis idade e sexo. Resultados: Foram selecionados 137 pacientes para participarem do estudo, porém 13 foram excluídos, pois apresentavam dados incompletos, permanecendo 124 pacientes. Os fatores de risco modificáveis mais prevalentes no estudo foram sobrepeso (75,86%) nos homens com dislipidemia e 84,48% nas mulheres com dislipidemia. O sedentarismo foi observado em 69% dos homens com dislipidemia e 61% das mulheres com dislipidemia. Os fatores de risco associados à dislipidemia foram a hipertensão, o diabetes mellitus e o tabagismo. Conclusões: A partir da realização deste estudo foi possível concluir que a maioria dos pacientes não tinha conhecimento prévio de seu perfil lipídico; a dislipidemia mais prevalente foi a hipertrigliceridemia isolada e o fator de risco mais prevalente foi o sobrepeso. Faz-se necessário o maior acompanhamento desses pacientes, aconselhando-os em relação a seus hábitos de vida para que possam ter uma melhor qualidade de vida. (AU)

ABSTRACT

Dyslipidemia is characterized by elevated plasma levels of low-density (LDL-c) cholesterol, reduced levels of high-density (HDL-c) cholesterol and / or increased triglycerides (TG). These changes evidence the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and a high probability of occurrence of death by coronary events. Objective: to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors in outpatients of the university hospital of the Federal University of Piauí.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, in which the sample consisted of 124 patients. The main modifiable risk factors were analyzed overweight and sedentary lifestyle, and not modifiable age and sex. Results: A total of 137 patients were selected to participate in the study, but 13 were excluded because they had incomplete data, remaining 124 patients. The most prevalent modifiable risk factors in the sample were overweight (75.86%) in men with dyslipidemia and 84.48% in women with dyslipidemia. Sedentariness was observed in 69% of the men with dyslipidemia and 61% of the women with dyslipidemia. The risk factors associated with dyslipidemia were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking. Conclusions:Ever since this study was carried out, it was concluded that most of dyslipidemia. Sedentariness was observed in 69% of the men with dyslipidemia and 61% of the women with dyslipidemia. The risk factors associated with dyslipidemia were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking. Conclusions:Ever since this study was carried out, it was concluded that most of the patients had no prior knowledge of their lipid profile; the most prevalent dyslipidemia was hypertriglyceridemia alone and the most prevalent risk factor was overweight. Therefore, it is necessary to follow these patients better, advising them about their lifestyle so that they can have a better quality of life. (AU)