[Association between HLADRB104* and HLAADQB106* with severe early childhood caries]

ABSTRACT

Severe Early Childhood Caries [SECC] is one of the most common diseases in childhood. Etiology of SECC is multifactorial and both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. Genetic variation of the host may contribute to susceptibility for dental caries. Genetic factors such as Human Leukocyte Antigen [HLA] have been recently introduced as a predisposing factor. The aim of this study was to look for an association between HLA-DRB1*04 and HLADQB1*06 with SECC for early diagnosis as well as prevention of the disease. In this cross-sectional study we extracted the genomic DNAS from the whole blood samples of 44 patients with SECC and 35 caries free children [control group] by salting out method. We amplified the genomic DNA by PCR sequence specific primer [PCR-SSP] and then HLA-typing was performed for both alleles. The data were analyzed using Logistic Regression, Fisher's exact, chi-square and Student t test with 95% significance level. The results revealed a significant increase in the frequency of HLADRB1*04 in the patient group [P-value=0.019]. The odds ratio for this allele was detected to be 10. Frequency of HLA-DQB1*06 allele was not significantly different between the two groups [P-value=0.37]. The above results suggest that HLA-DRB1*04 maybe related to the susceptibility to SECC. Thus HLA-DRB1*04 detection as a molecular marker for early diagnosis of SECC can be recommended