[Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism]

ABSTRACT

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is defined by a reduction in the steroid hormone synthesis and secretion due to low LH and FSH secretion. It may be congenital or acquired. Gonadotropic defects birth can be isolated with anosmia defining the Kallmann syndrome, or without anosmia and are then classified as idiopathic hypogonadism so-called hypogonadotropic by the regulation of the axis anomaly gonadotropic. The gonadotropic defect can also be combined with other endocrine system defects or be part of a complex syndrome. The acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are most often due to pituitary adenomas [particularly prolactinomes] without forgetting the other causes such as the infiltratifs process or the storage diseases. Finally, the functional acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is more often a consequence of a nutritional deficit. The treatment, Depending on the age of diagnosis, is a substitute in order to allow the normal pubertal development, prevent secondary sexual character regression, and to promote normal sexual life while ensuring the bony anabolism. As to the infertility, it is corrected in both sexes, according to the origin and the importance of the deficit, by the administration pulsate GnRH or by the gonadotropins. Considering hypogonadotropic hypogonadism for both man and woman, the authors underline the importance of a precise diagnostic step and an adequate therapeutic support of these hypogonadisms while exposing their etiologies and recent findings in molecular biology