Frequency of congenital heart diseases in infants of diabetic mothers referred to pediatrics department

ABSTRACT

To determine the frequency of congenital heart disease in infants of diabetic mothers referred to Pediatrics department. A total of 101 full-term neonates, aged from 0 to 29 days, admitted in the Neonatology unit, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar - Pakistan, diagnosed clinically and confirmed by echocardiography were included in the study. All the children included in the study were sent to Cardiology Department of the Institute for echocardiography. After Echocardiography report, frequency of normal and congenital heart diseases [CHD] like VSD, ASD, PDA, TGA and PFO among these children was determined. Out of 101 neonates, 67 [66.30%] were males and 34 [33.7%] were female. Majority [n=97, 96.0%] neonates' age ranged from 0-10 days. Maternal history showed that 55 [54.5%] mothers got diabetes during the pregnancy and 46 [45.5%] were having pre-gestational diabetes. The frequency of CHD was 52.5% in infants of diabetic mothers. Following CHDs were found in 53 neonates of diabetic mothers; Patent ductus arteriosus [PDA] in 17 [16.8%] cases, Ventricular septal defect [VSD] in 13 [12.9%], Atrial septal defect [ASD] in 09 [08.9%], Patent foramen ovale [PFO] in 08 [7.9%] and Transposition of the great arteries [TGA] in 6 [5.9%] cases respectively. Frequency of congenital heart disease in IDMs was 52.5%. Careful evaluation and early diagnosis of CHD in this high-risk group are highly indicated and echocardiography is recommended for all infants of diabetic mothers as soon as possible