Incidence of malignancy in prostatic enlargement: a prospective study conducted at Sheikh Zayed hospital and medical college, Rahim Yar Khan

The problem of enlarged prostate due to benign prostate hypertrophy and carcinoma prostate is becoming a great concern all over the world. Prostate cancer is a serious disease because it is a malignant condition. Early detection of carcinoma prostate at curable stage so with appropriate treatment, morbidity and mortality can be reduced. This present prospective and descriptive study was carried out from January 1999 to June 2001 to find out the incidence of malignancy in patients presented with prostatic enlargement at Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Most of the patients who were diagnosed on histopathological repots were between 60 to 80 years of age. Patients got relieved their symptoms of prostatism for short period of time but ultimately they went into surgery either transvesical prostatectomy or transuretheral prostatectomy and reteropubic prostatectomy. Digital rectal examination [DRE] was performed in all these patients as a preliminary examination. The normal size of adult prostate is considered as chestnut, the enlarged lobes were rounded with palpable lateral margins with median groove in all of them. Out of 12 patients 8 patients had stony hard nodular with irregular surface, margins, palpable on digital rectal examination while other 4 patients were later on diagnosed on histopathalogical report to be carcinoma prostate. So the accuracy of DRE in this study is 66%. In 8 patients who had stony hard nodular prostate rectal mucosa was fixed on it and non-tender with irregular surface and in 3 patients finger was blood stained with ill defined lateral marsin. It is concluded that incidence of malignancy in patients presented with prostate enlargement in present study is compared and equal to study conducted in various centers