Hisopathological, biochemical and teratogenic effects of sodium nitrite [antimicrobial agent] on chicken

ABSTRACT

The present work deals with the histopathological, biochemical and teratogenic effect of sodium nitrite at two doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg b.wt. in chicken. The present results revealed that sodium nitrite exert histopathological effects on the liver and kidney tissues of chicken. The liver tissues of the treated chicken showed laceration of blood sinusoids and some of the central veins in addition to to cellular damage. Also, the kidney tissues of the treated chicken manfested deformation of the structure of the glomeruli and blocking of the renal tubules with a mucous substance. The toxic effects of either of the two doses of sodium nitrite on serum activities of glutamate oxaloacetate transminase [SGOT], glutamate pyruvate transminase [SGPT] and creatinine concentration [SCR], were also studied. It was found that the repeated doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg b.wt. of sodium nitrite induced a general increase in SGOT and SGPT activities and SCR concentration. Sodium nitrite induced various teratogenic effects in developing embryos on the 16th day of incubatio. Resorption, deaths and growth retardation were significant in the experimental groups as compared with the control one. The total body weights of the embryos treated with two doses of sodium nitrie were statistically highly significnat. Moreover the total length of treated chick embryos were reduced, it was statistically highly significnat. Furthermore, sodium nitrite induced skeletal mal formations respresented by the reduction in ossification of the bones of the skull, ribs, vertebrae and limbs