Adreno-cortical insufficiency

ABSTRACT

Adrenocortical insufficiency is not an uncommon disorder. It results from decreased corticosteroid hormones in the circulation, either due to complete or partial destruction of adrenal cortex or diseases of the hypothalamus pituitary axis. A variety of causes including infections, autoimmune disorders, tumourous infiltration and iatrogenic factors have been identified. The presentation of adrenocortical insufficiency may be insidious but Addisonian crisis is a potentially lethal condition which should be dealt with properly with rewarding results. A number of laboratory tests, simple and sophisticated have been used and applied to assess the adrenal functions are described. The management of Addisonian crisis and steroid replacement therapy, including their brand and generic names alongwith their relative potencies have also be discussed. It also includes the current concepts, controversies and the management of patients with adrenocortical insufficiency who either become pregnant or undergo major or minor surgery