Effects of amikin injection on the kidney of albino rats

ABSTRACT

Amikacin sulphate [Amikin] is a member of the aminoglycoside group of antibiotics that are effective against infections caused by Gram-negative organisms. Their use is limited by the severity of their unwanted effects and by their route and frequency of administration. The present work was thus attempted to detect the potential nephrotoxic effect of amikin on the renal cortex, both proximal and distal convoluted tubules and glomeruli, by using the light and electron microscope given for two different periods of administration and the possible reversibility of its effect. Thirty six adult male albino rats were used in the present work. They were divided into four main groups the first and second groups were served as control and sham control groups. The third group [treated group], the animals were treated with amikin for one week and for two weeks. The forth group [reversible group], the animals were sacrificed after one month from the end of treatment for one week and for two weeks. The specimens were taken from the cortex of the kidney of each animal and prepared for light and electron microscopic study. In the present study, the treated group revealed potential sings of nephrotoxicity affecting the convoluted tubules. The affection was much pronounced on the proximal convoluted tubules. The lesion was patchy, varied from slight cytoplasmic affection to massive tubular necrosis.Also damage affecting the epithelial lining of the tubules. The basement membrane showed definite thickening and the microvilli were partially or completely lost. The mitochondria appeared swollen and some of them revealed rupture membranes and the rough endoplasmic reticulum exhibited dilatation