effect of vitamin E administration on cisplatin-induced oxidative and histopathological damage of kidney, liver and lens tissues in albino rats

ABSTRACT

Cisplatin is one of the most active cytotoxic agents in the treatment of cancer but its clinical use is associated with toxicity. The present study evaluated biochemically and histologically the effect of vitamin E as a line of prevention of cisplatin toxicity in rats. Its was carried out on 90 adult male albino rats divided into 6 groups each contains 15 rats, the first group was used as-ve control, the second group received distilled water 1ml/animal intraperitoneally [IP], the third group received corn oil 0.25 ml/animal orally,the fourth group received vitamin E 100 mg/kg orally. Animals of groups II, III and IV served as +ve controls. The fifth group received cisplatin 5 mg/kg IP and the sixth group received vitamin E 100 mg/kg orally 24 hours prior to IP cisplatin 5 mg/kg. After 7 days of treatment, rats were sacrificed,then Malondialdehyde [MDA], reduced glutathione and glutathione perioxidase were measured in kidney, liver and lens tissues. Also kidney, liver and lens tissues were prepared for light microscopic examination. The results revealed significant increase in kidney, liver and lens MDA levels in rats treated with cisplatin in comparison to the-ve control group. Reduced glutathione and glutathione perioxidase levels in kidney, liver and lens were significantly lower in cisplatin group than in the-ve control group. Histopathological examination revealed renal and liver necrosis and cataract changes in cisplatin treated rats. The increased MDA levels, the decreased antioxidant enzymes and histopathological damage in the kidney, liver and lens of rats administered cisplatin were significantly improved with vitamin E administration. So, it is concluded that, vitamin E may play a role in preventing cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and cataract formation in cancer patients