Histological evaluation of inflammation after sealing furcation perforation in Dog's teeth by four materials

The materials used in sealing furcating perforation can have considerable effects on controlling the ensuing inflammation and periodontal repair. The objective of the present study was to carry out a histological comparison between the effects of pro-root, cold ceramic, glassionomer cement, and root MTA on the healing of periodontal tissues after furcal perforation in dog's teeth. One-hundred premolar teeth of one-year old dogs were used in this experimental/animal study. After anesthetizing the dogs and the premolar teeth, the access cavities were prepared at the occlusal level and the root canals were instrumented and filled with gutta percha and AH26 sealer, using the step-back technique. Furcations were perforated to a size of 3X3 mm2, using long burs. These areas were then randomly filled with aforementioned four test materials [a total number of 84 premolar teeth] while the access cavities were filled with amalgam. The remaining 16 teeth were selected to serve as positive and negative controls. Biopsy samples were taken from the perforated areas at 1, 2, and 3-month intervals and were transferred to laboratory for pathological examination. The results were statistically analyzed, using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney tests. The statistical analysis revealed that under similar conditions, periodontal tissues surrounding Pro-root, show less inflammatory response than the other three materials. However, no significant differences were observed among the four studied materials during 1 and 2months as evidenced by the biopsy samples [P>0.05]. For longer period [three month], however, samples surrounding cold ceramic and Root MTA showed decreasing inflammatory responses. From the findings of the present study, it may be concluded that although tissues adjacent to Proroot showed less inflammatory response than other three test materials, all of them [Proroot, Glass-ionomer cement, cold ceramic, and Root MTA] may be considered to be suitable materials for sealing furcal perforation providing. They receive approval by other tests including micro leakage, cytotoxicity, tissue analysis, and etc