[Evaluation of efficacy of the current disinfectants on staphylococcus epidermidis and pseudomonas aeroginosa isolated from hospitals of Hamadan in 2006]

ABSTRACT

Choosing the effective disinfectants and using the standard methods of sterilization in hospitals, can be useful in decreasing nosocomial infections. The aims of this study were the evaluation of efficacy of disinfectants being used in surgical rooms, ICU, CCU, burn wards and delivery rooms of Hamedan hospitals and also determination of bacterial contamination. In this study 400 samples were collected from different parts of operation rooms, ICU, CCU and delivery rooms of four hospitals [Mobasher Kashani, Imam Khomainy, Ekbatan and Fatemieh] in 2006. The samples were cultured on blood agar, then the microbial agents were identified by differential and biochemical tests. Disinfectants that were used were as follow Cidex [Glutaraldeyde], Sodium hypochlorite, Kereoeline 2.5%, Hygiene 1%, Betadine, Alcohol 70%, Savlone 3.2%, Chlorohexidine 1%. The efficacy of disinfectants was evaluated on 60 Staphylococcus epidermidis and 60 Pseudomonas aeroginosa through disk diffusion method. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and analysed using T-test and SPSS software. Contamination tests in the four hospital were positive in 44.5% of cultures [178 cultures]. The highest frequency of contamination was in Mobasher hospital with 38.2% and the less frequency was in Fatemieh hospital with 13.5%. From 400 samples, 52.2% of isolates were gram-positive bacteria and 47.7% were gram-negative bacteria. The most important bacteria isolated were as follow E.coli, Staphylococcus epidemidis, Micrococci, Bacillus subtili and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. The most effective disinfectants on 60 Staphylococcus epidemidis were as follow Cidex, Sodium Hypochlorite and Kereoeline and the least effective disinfectants and antiseptics was Alcohol 70%. The most effective disinfectants on 60 Pseudomonas aeroginosa were as follow Cidex and Kereoeline and the least effective disinfectants and antiseptics were Alcohol 70% and Savlone. Results showed that kereoline and cidex were among the most effective disinfectants, and there is not a significant difference between their effects on staphylococcus epidermidis [P=0.469] and on pseudomonas aeroginosa [P=0.053]. The efficacy of other disinfectants on two mentioned bacteria were different and significant differences were found