Characterization and in-vitro behaviour of bioactive glass / polymeric composites

ABSTRACT

Chitosan biopolymer characterizes osteoinductive functions and it can be utilized in combination with other bioactive materials that enhances tissue regenerative efficacy and osteoconductivity. Another material of interest is bioactive glass [BG] [45S5] that characterizes its ability to bond to bone and soft tissues very quickly as a result of high level of its surface reactivity. In this study, BG was combined with chitosan to produce novel bio-composites having properties analogous to human cancellous bone. The affinity between BG filler and polymer matrix has been proved by X -ray diffraction [XRD], Fourier transform infrared [FT-IR] and Thermogravimetric analysis [TGA] techniques. The results confirmed that homogeneity and integration between BG filler and polymer matrix especially the composite containing smaller particle size of BG is achieved. Also, the formation of calcium phosphate layer onto the surface of composite was detected post-immersion in simulated body fluid [SBF] for different periods up to 21 days at 37°C and pH 7.4. Conclusions prove that the presence of smaller particle size of BG filler into the polymeric matrix leads to more effective reinforcement of the composite and increased the bioactivity via high formation of carbonated apatite layer onto the composite surface. These biocomposites are promised for bone replacement and scaffold for tissue engineering applications