comparative study of opiod and NSAIDs as post operative analgesia

ABSTRACT

To compare the analgesic effect of opiod and non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs [NSAIDS] during the first 24 hours after surgery. This study was conducted in Surgical Unit II of Bolan Medical Complex, Hospital, Quetta during the month of August 2006. A total of 107 postoperative patients equally matched at age, sex and type of surgery were assessed for 24 hours after surgery for pain and side effects of drugs. Patients of trauma and malignancy were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups. In Group A, 54 patients received inj. tramadol 100 mg intramuscularly [IM] at 8 hourly interval while the group B 53 patients received inj diclofenac sodium 75mg IM 8 hourly. Pain relief score was graded as excellent, very good, good and poor. In this study of 107 patients the age ranged from 12- 70 years, with mean age in group A of 39.65 year and in group B 42.35 year. The male to female ratio varied in different surgical groups like abdominal surgery 12.3 anorectal 6.51, inguinoscrotal 131, urological 15, miscellaneous 15. Postoperative pain relief assessment during first 24 hours after surgery in group A was graded as 21 patients [38.88%] excellent and 18 patients [33.33%] very good, while in group B, 14 patients [26.41%] had excellent and 27patients [50.94%] very good pain relief. In group A only 5 patients had mild headache and nausea, while in group B no side effects were observed. When the results of excellent pain scale were analyzed statistically it was found that accuracy to control the early postoperative pain with opiod was 56.07%, while with NSAIDs 43.91%