Association of tea and other addicitive substances with gallstone disease in southern Sindh, Pakistan
PAFMJ-Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal. 2008; 58 (4): 363-371
en Inglés
| IMEMR
| ID: emr-89359
ABSTRACT
To evaluate any association of consumption and / or use of tea, paan, supari, naas, naswar, smoking, coffee and alcohol with gallstone disease. Case - Control study The study was carried out at different hospitals of Hyderabad and adjoining areas [Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro, Memon Charitable Hospital, Hyderabad, Wali Bhai Rajputana Hospital, Hyderabad, Naseem Medical Center, Hyderabad, and Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad] during January 1999 to December 2001. 160 hospitalized gallstone patients and 112 patients admitted in eye wards were taken as controls [age, sex and locality matched with negative personal and family history]. The justification of taking eye patients as controls lie in the fact that these patients have no gastrointestinal problem which could be associated with gallstones. All were interviewed through a standard questionnaire developed for that purpose. The consumption and / or use of tea, paan, naas / naswaar, alcohol and coffee were common among both the groups. Smoking was found to be the main risk factor for gallstone patients. Smokers as against non-smokers were however at risk 1.89 [95% CI, 0.68-5.26, p=0.105] to develop gallstones. Similarly consumers of more than 1 cup of tea per day were seen to be at higher risk [4.07, 95% CI; 1.71-9.64, p=0.001] for gallstone disease. No association of Supari, Naas and Naswar intake was found with the occurrence of gallstones. A significant inverse association [0.49 CI; 0.34-0.5, p=0.04] of paan, [0.39 CI; 0.11-0.52, p=0.00] alcohol, and [0.36 CI; 0.24-0.98, p=0.04] coffee was found with gallstone disease. Tea consumption is positively and Paan, alcohol and coffee consumptions are negatively associated with gallstone disease in Southern Sindh, Pakistan
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Índice:
IMEMR (Mediterraneo Oriental)
Asunto principal:
Té
/
Fumar
/
Colelitiasis
/
Estudios de Casos y Controles
/
Factores de Riesgo
/
Café
/
Etanol
Límite:
Femenino
/
Humanos
/
Masculino
Idioma:
Inglés
Revista:
Pak. Armed Forces Med. J.
Año:
2008
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