Bisphosphonate therapy related osteonecrosis of jaw bones: a case report

ABSTRACT

Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaw bones is a relatively recent discovery with the first cases being identified in 2003. Bisphosphonates are used to treat multiple conditions especially metastatic bone diseases. Although the exact mechanism of action of Bisphosphonates is not well understood yet, efficacy of these agents in reducing bone pain, hypercalcaemia and skeletal complications has been widely accepted. The recently introduced intravenous use of new generation bisphosphonates [Pamidronate and Zolidronate] has proved to be highly effective in controlling bone symptoms. The past few years have shown that osteonecrosis of jaw bones can sometimes develop in relation to long term bisphosphonate treatment, either spontaneously or by trauma caused by dental procedures. The condition presents as a diagnostic challenge being rare and not well understood. We present a case report of a 56 years old female demonstrating a possible relation between osteonecrosis of jaws and long term bisphosphonate therapy in order to create awareness of this possible complication within the medical and dental community