The influence of environment and parasitism on the prevalence of asthma in two Venezuelan regions / Influencia del medio ambiente e infestación parasitaria en la prevalencia de asma bronquial en dos regiones de Venezuela

RESUMO

The point prevalence of bronchial asthma and the influence of environmental conditions among 100 individuals chosen from two Venezuelan regions, i.e., rural and urban, were investigated by history, routine laboratory test, determination of total and specific IgE antibody to common allergens ans spirometric test. The point prevalence of bronchial asthma was 3,0% in rural subjects who were also highly parasitized by helmints and 3,6% in subjects from the urban region. A significative difference in skin responses to Dermatophagoides pteronnysinus was observed in urban asthmatics when compared with rural astmatics. A similar response to selected allergens was found among both populations. The prevalence of infestation by Ascaris in rural asthmatics was high compared with that of rural controls. Total IgE levels were elevated for both populations, but significatively higher (p<0.05) for rural individuals. Results suggest a significative point prevalence of bronchial asthma in both regions despite the helmint infestation of rural subjects. The effects of environmental factors, their concentrations and time of exposure are considered as main factors responsible for allergic reactivity observed in the Venezuelan regions studied