Resonancia magnetica y localización clínica y electroencefalográfica en la epilepsia focal / Magnetic resonance and clinical and electroencephalographical localization in focal epilepsy

RESUMO

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the method of choice to search for epileptogenic lesions. We correlated MRI findings with the epileptogenic zone (EZ) depicted by clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) data. We studied 400 clinical records of patients who had been submitted to MRI studies and we analyzed, retrospectively, their ictal semiology, EEG characteristics and response to treatment. They were classified into 3 groups: A) temporal lobe epilepsy, B) frontal lobe epilepsy and C) parieto-occipital epilepsy. We included 155 patients: Group A) 68 cases (43.9 per cent), 28 men (41.1 per cent), mean age 32 +/- 11 years old, abnormal IMR in 44 (64.7 per cent), refractory to treatment 48 (70.5 per cent). Group B) 68 cases (43.9 per cent), 38 men (55.8 per cent), mean age 30 +/- 15 years old, abnormal IMR in 26 (38.2 per cent), refractory to treatment 30 (44.1 per cent). Group C) 19 cases (12.2 per cent), 13 men (68.4 per cent), mean age 27 +/- 11 years old, abnormal IMR in 11 (57.8 per cent), refractory to treatment 12 (63.1 per cent). Results showed that there were higher possibilities of detecting lesions which correlate with EZ in temporal than in frontal or parieto-occipital lobes epilepsy. The chances to find abnormalities on the MRI were 5 times higher in refractory patients than in those who were non-refractory.