Artrópodos associados à copa de Attalea phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae), na região do Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brasil / Arthropods associated with the canopy of the palm Attalea phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae), in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil

ABSTRACT

Six individuals of the palm A. phalerata, in Poconé floodplains of Mato Grosso, were sprayed with a synthetic pyrethroid (0.25 percent concentration) in order to study the biomass, diversity, and richness of the canopy arthropods. A total of 17,188 (238.7±80.6 ind./m²) arthropods belonging to 22 Orders, was collected in a 72 m² funnel area. Two hours after spraying, 58.9 percent of the total number fell into the funnels, 37.6 percent was obtained by shaking the trees, and finally, 3.5 percent after cutting and washing all the palm leaves. The Coleoptera (27.4 percent), Hymenoptera-Formicidae (19.0 percent), Collembola (13.6 percent), Psocoptera (10.7 percent), Diptera (9.0 percent) and Araneae (6.4 percent) were the predominant. The total biomass was 15.1 g dry weight (0.4mg/m²; 0.13+0.04/tree). A total of 4,715 beetles representing 48 families and 326 morphospecies were obtained. Tenebrionidae (22.9 percent), Curculionidae (22.0 percent), Carabidae (10.9 percent) and Staphylinidae (7.9 percent) were the most abundant, while Curculionidae (44 spp.), Staphylinidae (40 spp.) and Chrysomelidae (34 spp.) presented the largest number of morphospecies. Herbivores (37.5 percent) were the dominant in the trophic guilds of adult Coleoptera, followed by predators (35.4 percent), fungivores (14.6 percent), and saprophages (12.5 percent). Although most arthropod Orders were represented in all the palms sampled, analysis of variance showed no significant differences in their composition, however there was a significant difference in their frequency of occurrence