Comportamientos sexuales y diferencias de género en adolescentes usuarios de un sistema público de salud universitario / Sexual behavior and gender differencesamong adolescents consultingat a university public health system

ABSTRACT

Background: The predetermined gender roles and the emphasis on reproductive responsibility on women, excluding men, have negative consequences on their sexual reproductive health and satisfactory sexual practices. Aim: To describe and analyze changes in sexual practices and gender differences in adolescents of the lower-middle socioeconomic level, users of public health system who started their sexual activity. Material and methods: We studied 4,971 adolescents of both sexes aged between 12 and 19 years, who consulted in a clinic for adolescents between the years 1990 and 2005. Several variables related to adolescent sexuality were considered. Uni and bivariate analysis were carried out and a model of stratified lineal regression per sex was fixed to explain the following variables age at which sexual activity is initiated, number of sexual partners, time period between start of dating and the start of sexual activity along time. Results: The average age when men and women start their sexual activity was 15.7 and 15.5years, respectively. Along years and among women but not men, there was a reduction in the age of start of sexual activity and an increase in the number of sexual partners. The mean íapse between start of dating and the start of sexual activity in men and women was 6.2 and 7.5 months, respectively. This figure had an 11.696 and 13.9 percent reduction per year of study in females and males, respectively. Conclusions: There is an increasing expansion of sexual roles in adolescents, but certain patterns of contradictory conservative reasoning are maintained.