Chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Osogbo Nigeria: efficacy of amodiaquine + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and chloroquine + chlorpheniramine for treatment
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
;
103(1): 79-84, Feb. 2008. ilus, tab
Artículo
en Inglés
| LILACS
| ID: lil-478883
ABSTRACT
Chloroquine (CQ) resistance in Plasmodium falciparum contributes to increasing malaria-attributable morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite a change in drug policy, continued prescription of CQ did not abate. Therefore the therapeutic efficacy of CQ in uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients was assessed in a standard 28-day protocol in 116 children aged between six and 120 months in Osogbo, Southwest Nigeria. Parasitological and clinical assessments of response to treatment showed that 72 (62.1 percent) of the patients were cured and 44 (37.9 percent) failed the CQ treatment. High initial parasite density and young age were independent predictors for early treatment failure. Out of the 44 patients that failed CQ, 24 received amodiaquine + sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) and 20 received chlorpheniramine + chloroquine (CH+CQ) combinations. Mean fever clearance time in those treated with AQ+SP was not significantly different from those treated with CH+CQ (p = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean parasite density of the two groups. The cure rate for AQ+SP group was 92 percent while those of CH+CQ was 85 percent. There was a significant difference in parasite clearance time (p = 0.01) between the two groups. The 38 percent treatment failure for CQ reported in this study is higher than the 10 percent recommended by World Health Organization in other to effect change in antimalarial treatment policy. Hence we conclude that CQ can no more be solely relied upon for the treatment of falciparum malaria in Osogbo, Nigeria. AQ+SP and CH+CQ are effective in the treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria and may be considered as useful alternative drugs in the absence of artemisinin-based combination therapies.
Texto completo:
Disponible
Índice:
LILACS (Américas)
Asunto principal:
Plasmodium falciparum
/
Malaria Falciparum
/
Antagonistas de los Receptores Histamínicos H1
/
Antimaláricos
Tipo de estudio:
Guía de Práctica Clínica
/
Estudio pronóstico
Límite:
Animales
/
Femenino
/
Humanos
/
Masculino
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
Inglés
Revista:
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
Asunto de la revista:
Medicina Tropical
/
Parasitología
Año:
2008
Tipo del documento:
Artículo
País de afiliación:
Nigeria
Institución/País de afiliación:
College of Health Sciences/NG
/
Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital/NG
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