The effects of nitric oxide on the immune system during Trypanosoma cruzi infection
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
;
104(supl.1): 236-245, July 2009. ilus
Artículo
en Inglés
| LILACS
| ID: lil-520884
ABSTRACT
Trypanosoma cruzi infection triggers substantial production of nitric oxide (NO), which has been shown to have protective and toxic effects on the host's immune system. Sensing of trypomastigotes by phagocytes activates the inducible NO-synthase (NOS2) pathway, which produces NO and is largely responsible for macrophage-mediated killing of T. cruzi. NO is also responsible for modulating virtually all steps of innate and adaptive immunity. However, NO can also cause oxidative stress, which is especially damaging to the host due to increased tissue damage. The cytokines IFN-³ and TNF-±, as well as chemokines, are strong inducers of NOS2 and are produced in large amounts during T. cruzi acute infection. Conversely, TGF-² and IL-10 negatively regulate NO production. Here we discuss the recent evidence describing the mechanisms by which NO is able to exert its antimicrobial and immune regulatory effects, the mechanisms involved in the oxidative stress response during infection and the implications of NO for the development of therapeutic strategies against T. cruzi.
Texto completo:
Disponible
Índice:
LILACS (Américas)
Asunto principal:
Trypanosoma cruzi
/
Enfermedad de Chagas
/
Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo II
/
Sistema Inmunológico
/
Óxido Nítrico
Límite:
Humanos
Idioma:
Inglés
Revista:
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
Asunto de la revista:
Medicina Tropical
/
Parasitología
Año:
2009
Tipo del documento:
Artículo
/
Documento de proyecto
País de afiliación:
Brasil
Institución/País de afiliación:
Universidade de São Paulo/BR
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