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Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriage, sex ratios and asexual parasite rates in Nigerian children before and after a treatment protocol policy change instituting the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies
Gbotosho, Grace Olusola; Sowunmi, Akintunde; Happi, Christian Tientcha; Okuboyejo, Titilope Modupe.
  • Gbotosho, Grace Olusola; University of Ibadan. Institute for Medical Research and Training. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Malaria Research Laboratories. Ibadan. NG
  • Sowunmi, Akintunde; University of Ibadan. Institute for Medical Research and Training. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Malaria Research Laboratories. Ibadan. NG
  • Happi, Christian Tientcha; University of Ibadan. Institute for Medical Research and Training. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Malaria Research Laboratories. Ibadan. NG
  • Okuboyejo, Titilope Modupe; University of Ibadan. Institute for Medical Research and Training. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Malaria Research Laboratories. Ibadan. NG
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(6): 685-690, Sept. 2011. ilus, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-602051
ABSTRACT
The effects of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) on transmission of Plasmodium falciparum were evaluated after a policy change instituting the use of ACTs in an endemic area. P. falciparum gametocyte carriage, sex ratios and inbreeding rates were examined in 2,585 children at presentation with acute falciparum malaria during a 10-year period from 2001-2010. Asexual parasite rates were also evaluated from 2003-2010 in 10,615 children before and after the policy change. Gametocyte carriage declined significantly from 12.4 percent in 2001 to 3.6 percent in 2010 (@@χ2 for trend = 44.3, p < 0.0001), but sex ratios and inbreeding rates remained unchanged. Additionally, overall parasite rates remained unchanged before and after the policy change (47.2 percent vs. 45.4 percent), but these rates declined significantly from 2003-2010 (@@χ2 for trend 35.4, p < 0.0001). Chloroquine (CQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) were used as prototype drugs before and after the policy change, respectively. AL significantly shortened the duration of male gametocyte carriage in individual patients after treatment began compared with CQ (log rank statistic = 7.92, p = 0.005). ACTs reduced the rate of gametocyte carriage in children with acute falciparum infections at presentation and shortened the duration of male gametocyte carriage after treatment. However, parasite population sex ratios, inbreeding rates and overall parasite rate were unaffected.
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Texto completo: Disponible Índice: LILACS (Américas) Asunto principal: Plasmodium falciparum / Cloroquina / Malaria Falciparum / Parasitemia / Artemisininas / Antimaláricos Tipo de estudio: Guía de Práctica Clínica Límite: Adolescente / Niño / Child, preschool / Femenino / Humanos / Lactante / Masculino País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: Inglés Revista: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz Asunto de la revista: Medicina Tropical / Parasitología Año: 2011 Tipo del documento: Artículo País de afiliación: Nigeria Institución/País de afiliación: University of Ibadan/NG

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Texto completo: Disponible Índice: LILACS (Américas) Asunto principal: Plasmodium falciparum / Cloroquina / Malaria Falciparum / Parasitemia / Artemisininas / Antimaláricos Tipo de estudio: Guía de Práctica Clínica Límite: Adolescente / Niño / Child, preschool / Femenino / Humanos / Lactante / Masculino País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: Inglés Revista: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz Asunto de la revista: Medicina Tropical / Parasitología Año: 2011 Tipo del documento: Artículo País de afiliación: Nigeria Institución/País de afiliación: University of Ibadan/NG