Prevalence of dental erosion among asthmatic patients in India / Prevalência de erosão dentária em pacientes asmáticos na India

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo foi realizado para investigar a associacao entre erosao dentaria e asma e estabelecer relacao com a historia medica, dieta e nivel de erosao dentaria. MATERIAL E METODO: O estudo transversal foi realizado entre 102 asmaticos e nao asmaticos, com idades entre 18 e 65 anos, em Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, em janeiro de 2009. A erosao dentaria foi determinada pelo uso de index de erosao utilizado em trabalho no Reino Unido em 1993. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionarios. Os individuos foram examinados utilizando um procedimento do tipo III, por um unico examinador. A variacao intra examinadores foi testada estatisticamente, com acuracia de 90,3%. O teste qui-quadrado foi aplicado com utilizacao do programa SPSS, versao 11.0. RESULTADOS: Erosao dentaria estava presente em 76.5% de adultos com asma e em 66,7% de pacientes sem asma. 86% das drogas prescritas para asma tinham um pH abaixo de 5,5 %. Ocorreu tambem associacao entre erosao dentaria e consumo de refrigerantes, bebidas carbonatadas e frutas frescas. CONCLUSOES: Ha diferenca significativa na prevalencia de erosao, sendo que adultos com asma tem maior prevalencia do que nos grupos controle. Embora ocorra uma relacao entre niveis de erosao, ha tambem relacao dos niveis de erosao relacionadas com a historia medica e componentes acidos da dieta.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study was done to investigate association between tooth erosion and asthma and to find out the relationship between medical history, dietary practices and the level of dental erosion. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A cross sectional survey was conducted among 102 asthmatic and non asthmatic patient aged from 18 to 65 years old in Udaipur, Rajasthan, in January 2009. Tooth erosion was assessed using tooth erosion index employed in the childrenfs dental health in UK survey 1993. Data was collected by using self-prepared questionnaire. The subjects were examined using a type III examination procedure by single examiner. Intra examiner variability was tested by weighted kappa statistic which was 90.3%. Chi-square test was applied by using SPSS software (version 11.0). RESULTS: Tooth erosion was present in 76.5% of adults with asthma and in 66.7% asthma free subjects. 86% drugs which were prescribed for asthma had a pH below 5.5. There were also association between dental erosion and consumption of soft drinks, carbonated beverages and fresh fruits. CONCLUSION: There was significant difference in prevalence of erosion, adults with asthma having a higher prevalence than controlled group, although there is relationship between levels of erosion, medical history and acidic dietary components.