Análise dos achados endoscópicos mais comuns em pacientes com sintomas dispépticos / Analysis of common endoscopic findings in patients with dyspeptic symptoms

RESUMO

Introdução: dispepsia representa queixa comum na prática clínica diária. É um conjunto variável de sintomas como dor ou queimação epigástrica, saciedade precoce ou plenitude pós-prandial, de acordo com os Critérios Diagnósticos Roma III. Associações entre esses sintomas, idade, sexo e achados endoscópicos sugerem diferentes prevalências. Faltam pesquisas com bases científicas para sistematizar quais pacientes devem ser submetidos à endoscopia. Objetivo: descrever a prevalência dos achados endoscópicos e relacioná-los às características dos pacientes com sintomas dispépticos submetidos à Endoscopia Digestiva Alta (EDA). Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, realizado no HGCR (Hospital Governador Celso Ramos) em Florianópolis - SC. Foram analisados 450 laudos endoscópicos de pacientes que apresentaram como indicação dispepsia e/ou sintomas dispépticos para a realização de EDA. Coletou-se dados acerca da indicação, sexo, idade e achados à endoscopia, que foram analisados pelo teste Qui-quadrado e Fisher no software SPSS18.0. Este trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Unisul (Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina). Resultados: a maioria dos laudos do estudo apresentou alterações à EDA, sendo o principal achado a gastrite enantematosa e/ou erosiva. Do total, a maioria pertencia a mulheres entre 30 e 49 anos. Associações de idade até 30 anos e EDA normal, assim como pacientes acima de 70 anos e câncer gástrico, foram estatisticamente significantes.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: dyspepsia is a common complaint in daily clinical practice. It is a variable set of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or burning, early satiety or postprandial fullness, according to Rome III. Associations between these symptoms, age, gender and endoscopic findings suggest different prevalences. There are insufficient researches with scientific bases to systematize which patients should undergo upper endoscopy. Objective: to describe the prevalence of endoscopic findings and relate to the characteristics of patients with dyspeptic symptoms undergoing upper endoscopy. Methods: crosssectional, descriptive and analytical study was carried out in a Hospital in Florianópolis-SC. We analyzed 450 endoscopic reports with dyspepsia as an indication and/ or dyspeptic symptoms for the realization of upper endoscopy. Data were collected on the indication, such as age, gender and endoscopic findings, which were analyzed by chi-square and Fisher tests in software SPSS 18.0. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Unisul. Results: most of the reports of the study presented findings in the endoscopy, the main findings were enanthematous and/or erosive gastritis. Of the total, the majority belonged to women between 30 and 49 years old. Associations between 30 years old or less and normal endoscopy, as well as, patients over 70 years and gastric cancer were statistically significant. Conclusion: the prevalence of upper endoscopy with some found in dyspeptic patients was high. Enanthematous and/or erosive gastritis was the most prevalent finding. Most patients were female, mean age of patients 45 years and the main dyspeptic symptom was epigastric pain. Associations between age and findings can be made.