Detection of Eschericia Coli enterotoxin from stool sample directly by Bead ELISA method

ABSTRACT

Bacterial protein toxins as Escherichia coli enterotoxigenic heat labile toxin (LT), E. coli shigella like toxin I (VT1), E. coli shegella like toxin 2 (VT2) and cholera toxin where detected directly from stool using Bead ELISA method. A total of 390 stools from adults with diarrhoea and dysentery from 2 Military Hospital, Workers Hospital, Yangon General Hospital and Infectious Diseases Hospital were included in this study. It was observed that 9, 5 and 10 samples of stools showed to possess LT, VT1, VT2 toxin respectively. Some of the samples showed to possess either 2 or 3 toxins in combination. Of these, 2 samples showed to possess LT and VT1 toxins; 3 samples showed to possess LT and VT2 toxin; 11 samples showed to possess VT1 and VT2 toxin and 14 samples showed to possess LT, VT1 and VT2 toxins. Thus a total of 54 samples (13.8 per cent) showed to possess bacterial toxins. It was also observed that 28 samples out of 199 cases (14.1 per cent); 20 out of 109 cases (18.3 per cent) and 6 out of 82 cases (7.3 per cent) showed to possess bacterial toxin in January, June and November 1988 respectively. Moreover, cholera toxin was detected from 5 out of 25 cases tested.