Involvement of AMPA receptors for Mesobuthus tamulus Pocock venom-induced depression of monosynaptic reflex in neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro.

Glutamate is a putative neurotransmitter at Ia-α motoneuron synapse in the spinal cord and mediate the action via N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptors. Since NMDA receptors are not involved in M. tamulus Pocock (MBT) venom-induced depression of spinal monosynaptic reflex (MSR), the present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of AMPA receptors in mediating the depression of MSR by MBT venom. The experiments were performed on isolated hemisected spinal cord from 4-6 day old rats. Stimulation of a dorsal root with supramaximal voltage evoked MSR and polysynaptic reflex (PSR) potentials in the corresponding segmental ventral root. Superfusion of MBT venom (0.3 µg/ml) depressed the spinal reflexes in a time-dependent manner. The maximum depression of MSR(~ 66%) was seen at 10 min  and it was 25 min for PSR (~ 75%). The time to produce 50% depression of MSR and PSR was 6.7 ± 1.5 and 10.8 ± 2.6 min, respectively. Pretreatment of the cords with 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2, 3-dione (CNQX, 0.1 μM), an AMPA receptor antagonist, blocked the venom-induced depression of MSR but not PSR. The results indicate that venom-induced depression of MSR is mediated via AMPA receptors.