Antibacterial and Phytochemical studies of three Acanthaceae species used in Burkina Faso traditional medicine.

ABSTRACT

New and innovative antibacterial drugs research from plants is a best strategy to overcome the world problem about bacterial diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro antibacterial activity and the phytochemical profile of various extracts from Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine, Nelsonia canescens (Lam) Spreng and Peristrophe bicalyculata (Retz.) Nees; three acanthaceae species widely used in folk medicine of Burkina Faso. The inhibition diameter determination of the eleven bacteria strains and the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of the plants extracts and fractions were evaluated using standards methods. All extracts were also evaluated for their phenolic contents. The results showed that all extracts and fractions exhibited good bacteria inhibition and have a wealth of phenolic compounds. Comparing the MIC of extracts and fractions, E. coli (CPI 105182) strain was best inhibited and N. canescens butanol fraction presented the best activity. As regard phytochemical profile, highest values of total phenolics, total flavonoids, total flavonols and total tannins were obtained with N. canescens fractions. The results could justify the traditional used of these species against infectious diseases. This study shows that these three medicinal plants and especially N. canescens are good candidate for isolate new et innovative antibacterial compounds.