Evaluation of body composition and its association with cardio respiratory fitness in south Indian adolescents.

ABSTRACT

Anthropometry is generally considered as the single most easily obtainable, inexpensive, and noninvasive method that reflects body composition and VO2max is an indication of the physical fitness of the subject. There is a paucity of data on t3he age related changes in the body composition parameters and VO2max, and the association between them in the Indian adolescent population. Hence, the present study was conceived to assess and find the association between these parameters in the students in the age group of 12-17 years. Body composition was assessed using anthropometric measures (Height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and skin fold thickness) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed using estimated VO2max from Rockport Walk Fitness Test. We observed that the anthropometric measures were normal for the respective age groups and VO2max (mL/kg/min) in all the age groups in both the genders were in superior category according to Heywood classification. We observed higher body fat percentage (BF%) in girls of all the age groups compared to the boys and higher fat free mass (FFM) and VO2max in the boys of all age groups when compared to girls. VO2max showed a strong correlation with FFM (r=0.891, P<0.001) and a weak correlation with BF% (r=–0.322, P<0.0001). Optimal body composition and CRF can be attributed to the regular structured physical activity of one hour duration daily and the provision of adequate nutrition. FFM can be put forth as a stronger determinant of CRF than BF% in the adolescents.