Study of Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

ABSTRACT

Autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus which may affect major systems like cardiovascular system that may cause early death in diabetics. In our study attempt was made to asses different cardiovascular autonomic function parameters like change of blood pressure from supine to standing posture (postural BP changes) and ratio of longest and shortest R-R interval during deep expiration and inspiration respectively (E/I ratio) on ECG in type 2 diabetics and age sex matched non diabetic controls. Level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were also measured in the same subjects. Diabetics were subdivided into <5 years and >5 years groups. Findings were compared between diabetics and the controls and also between the subgroups of diabetics. Correlation between glycaemic control , duration of disease and autonomic function parameters were tested. We found, a significant difference in postural BP changes and E/I ratios between diabetics and the controls, no significant correlation could be found out between glycaemic control or duration of disease and autonomic function parameters. Therefore, our study concludes that diabetes may lead to autonomic dysfunction that may cause postural hypotension and altered E/I ratio irrespective of the duration of disease and glycemic control.