Study Of Carotid Intima Media Thickness In Patients Of Chronic Kidney Disease.

ABSTRACT

Background: Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are at high risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) has been found to correlate with coronary artery atherosclerosis. Methodology: This was a prospective study of carotid intima media thickness in patients of CKD, done in the Department of Medicine, G.R. Medical College & J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior (M.P.), India. A total of 70 patients of CKD and 35 age and sex matched controls were enrolled. Bilateral assessment of intima media thickness was done in common carotid artery and higher value of CIMT of any one carotid artery was recorded. Results: Out of total 70 patients of CKD, 42 were males. Clinical findings in CKD patients were anemia (92.5%), edema (71.4%), decreased urine output (41.42%), obesity (12.5%). Proteinuria (>300mg/24 hrs) was seen in 91.4% patients. CIMT in CKD patients was between 0.9-1.0mm whereas in controls was between 0.5-0.6mm. 62.5% of total patients (CIMT 0.91±0.24 to 1.15±0.24) were having mean BP between 90 to 130 mmHg, 12.7% of total patients (CIMT 1.00±0.26) were having mean BP>130 mmHg. CKD patients with dyslipidemia were having mean CIMT 1.08±0.19 in comparison to controls with dyslipidemia having mean CIMT 0.67±0.22. Conclusion: CIMT was increased in CKD patients with increased age, progression of stage of CKD and proteinuria. Mean CIMT was increased in all stages of CKD and there was no significant difference in CIMT in different stages of CKD. Patients having high mean blood pressure was having higher mean CIMT in comparison to patients having lower mean blood pressure, patient with dyslipidemia had high mean CIMT as compared to mean CIMT of controls having dyslipidemia.