A Cross-sectional Study on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and its Associated Risk Factors in Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Udaipur

ABSTRACT

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication of pregnancy that may results into chronic hypertension, increased rate of cesarean delivery, fetal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, early diagnosis of GDM is very essential to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity. Moreover, it can reduce the onset of type 2 diabetes. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of GDM in pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pacific Medical College & Hospital, Bhilo ka bedla, Udaipur  using a sample size of 46 pregnant women. Blood glucose levels were measured using glucose oxidase method with a glucometer. Data were analyzed by using Microsoft Office Excel and SPSS version 20. Results: Out of 46 pregnant women who participated in the study, 10.8% were found to have GDM with the mean ± 2SD of 198.12 ± 35.53 mg/dl of their blood glucose results. The highest proportion of GDM was revealed in pregnant women aged between 21 - 35 years. The lowest proportion of GDM fell in age group of 36 - 45 years. Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that the prevalence of GDM was 10.8% and the most affected pregnant women were in the age group of 31 - 40 years.