Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and its risk factors

ABSTRACT

Background: The high prevalence of DM may be due to rapid urbanization of the suburban regions. India is also at an early stage of epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases because of the gradual adoption of unhealthy lifestyles characterized by increasing intake of high calorie-dense foods and decreased physical inactivity. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of DM and its associated factors among individuals aged above 15 years. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in our hospital for a period of 4 months January-April, 2018 in Department of General Medicine. The sample size was 250 subjects. Informed verbal consent was gathered from each participant. Study done in department of general medicine in subjects identified with hypoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes were selected for study. Results: A total of 250 participants were included in the study. The prevalence of DM was found to be 6.4%. About one third (32%) of the total (250) participants said that they were frequent alcohol drinkers, whereas 1.2% (3/250) of them reported that they were ex-drinkers. Out of the total study participants, 6.4% of them had ≥126 mg/dl fasting blood glucose level. Conclusion: Age, waist circumference, hypertension, BMI, smoking habit and total cholesterol are significant in prevalence of diabetes mellitus.