A Study of Lipid Profile Abnormalities among Patients with Essential Hypertension Attending Tertiary Care Centre

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Hypertension is an important public healthproblem both in developed and developing countries.Hypertension is known to be associated with alterations inlipid metabolism which gives rise to abnormalities in serumlipid and lipoprotein levels but the cause and effect relationshipis not known. The study was initiated with objective to assessthe lipid profile abnormalities among primary hypertensivepatients attending tertiary care center.Material and Methods: A case control study was done inoutpatient department (OPD) of General medicine, GITAMInstitute of Medical Sciences & Research, Visakhapatnamduring May to October 2019. A total of 200 study participantswere included based on inclusion & exclusion criteria, 100were primary hypertensive cases and 100 were age and gendermatched controls. After obtaining approval from InstitutionalEthics Committee and informed consent taken from all studyparticipants data was collected. Data entered in MS excelsheet and analyzed by using SPSS software.Results: Out of 200 study participants 88(44%) were femaleand 112(56%) were male. Majority of the study participantswere in the age group 50 to 70 years. The mean values of thetotal cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol,and triglycerides were significantly higher in hypertensivepatients compared to control group. The mean high densitylipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower among cases thancontrols. These differences were found to be statisticallysignificant.Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and hypertension in combinationincreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke etc. Henceearly detection of dyslipidemia in hypertensive patients andaggressive treatment of both the conditions should be carriedout to prevent complications.