Phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Aidia borneensis leaf extracts

ABSTRACT

Pharmacological evaluation of Aidia borneensis has not been widely reported yet. This study aimed to evaluateits phytochemical constituents and its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Phytochemical compositionsof Soxhlet-extracted methanol extract and ultrasonic-extracted aqueous extract were determined by gaschromatography mass spectrometry analysis. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated by theagar-well diffusion method, and antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical scavenging assay. Methanol extract was predominantly characterized by coumaran (21.12%) andpalmitic acid (6.34%), and aqueous extract by catechol (15.48%) and coumaran (9.13%). Concentrationdependent antibacterial activities of methanol extract were observed against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichiacoli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, whereas aqueous extract only showed a growthinhibiting effect against E. coli. Methanol extract also exhibited antifungal activities against Candida albicansand Saccharomyces cerevisiae but not against Aspergillus brasiliensis. No antifungal activity was shown bythe aqueous extract. Aqueous extract revealed significantly higher radical scavenging activity, hence, low IC50value (6.0 µg/ml), compared to methanol extract (14.6 µg/ml) and the reference standard, Trolox (9.1 µg/ml).This study provides scientific support on the medicinal properties of A. borneensis in terms of its phytochemicalconstituents and its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities